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The pelvic floor is a funnel shaped structure.
Nerve supply of pelvic floor. The coccygeal plexus of nerve fibers is formed by the 4th and 5th sacral spinal nerves and the coccygeal nerves. These nerves supply the pelvic viscera muscles of the pelvic floor and perineum gluteal region and the lower limb. The pudendal nerve is the main nerve of the perineum. Superior pubic ligament runs between pubic tubercles.
Recent studies reveal that direct branches from the sacral plexus innervate the main muscle of the pelvic floor the levator ani muscle from its superior side. The following branches of the internal iliac artery are highlighted in figure 2 below working anti clockwise from obturator artery to inferior gluteal artery. In order to allow for urination and defecation there are a few gaps in the pelvic floor. The lumbosacral trunk is a nerve bundle formed by the anterior rami of l4 l5 lumbar nerves.
It carries sensation from the external genitalia of both sexes and the skin around the anus and perineum as well as the motor supply to various pelvic muscles including the male or female external urethral sphincter and the external anal sphincter. Hypothesis aims of study traditionally the pudendal nerve is considered to be the main nerve innervating the pelvic floor muscles. Clinical implications of pelvic floor anatomy and nerve supply are evident. It attaches to the walls of the lesser pelvis separating the pelvic cavity from the perineum inferiorly region which includes the genitalia and anus.
Stemming from the 2nd through 4th sacral spinal nerves these nerves provide the parasympathtetic innervation to the pelvic organs. The anterior trunk gives rise to numerous branches that supply the pelvic organs the perineum and the gluteal and adductor regions of the lower limb. Posterior pubic ligament a membranous structure which blends with periosteum.
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