Orbital Floor Fracture Muscle Entrapment

Orbital blowout fractures occur when there is a fracture of one of the walls of orbit but the orbital rim remains intact.

Orbital floor fracture muscle entrapment. Orbital floor fracture also known as blowout fracture of the orbit. Despite the publication of multiple studies. Rarely if ever is performing a forced duction test necessary or informative in making the diagnosis of extraocular muscle restriction in an awake patient with. Due to extraocular muscle entrapment.

Entrapment is a purely clinical diagnosis not a radiologic one. Isolated orbital floor fracture. It is important to remember that diplopia in the setting of orbital floor fractures does not necessarily equate to entrapment of extraocular muscle. Providing information that can be used to help predict enophthalmos and muscle entrapment.

The most common muscle to be entrapped by the fracture is the inferior rectus muscle. Fracture of the orbital floor also known as a blow out fracture can result in entrapment of the inferior rectus muscle limiting upward gaze. Especially when the fracture is into an. Orbital floor fractures were investigated and described by mackenzie in paris in 1844 and the term blow out fracture was coined in 1957 by smith regan who were investigating injuries to the orbit and resultant inferior rectus entrapment by placing a hurling ball on cadaverous orbits and striking it with a mallet.

Direct fractures of the orbital floor can extend from fractures of the inferior orbital rim. Most fractures occur in the floor posterior and medial. The fracture may spring back into place see trapdoor fracture. For example a fracture might be described as a pure inferior blowout fracture with likely entrapment.

Lateral to the orbital canal lies the superior orbital fissure housing cranial nerves iii iv v and vi.